Prevention of Bullying And Cyber Bullying In Adolescence Discussion Paper

Cyberbullying In Adolescence

Discuss about the Prevent Bullying And Cyber Bullying.

Research refers to an organized exploration into a given subject (Yan-Fang, Shu-Tao, Feng, & Wang, 2016). Research requires an individual to study publications and other different resources to come up with an answer to a problem. Research can be unidirectional or multidirectional.  The research needs to note down the search question and search for sources with the appropriate information concerning the issue. However, Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a particular kind of research that medical practitioners use in treatment (LoBiondo-Wood, & Haber, 2017). The task involves adopting information from reliable sources. Any treatment method must have an evidence-based background. Research on EBP must also have current literature to support its claims. However, the understandable study does not require much evidence. Current literature is not essential in usual research methods.

PICO model is an evidence-based question framework (Milner, & Cosme, 2017). The model enables nurses to raise clinical questions that assist them to achieve treatment solutions. The model outlines a medical puzzle that practitioners answer to come up with the most effective treatment options. When clinicians correctly follow the model, patients get the most efficient care. Letter (P) stands for, Problem, Patient, or Population. The researcher must identify the kind of people seeking medical attention. Note (I) stands for intervention. The clinician must know the types of measures towards a medical condition. Letter (C) holds for comparison. The nurse should compare the varieties of treatment options and choose the best in line with the patient’s preference. Letter O refers to the outcome. After treatment, the physician should engage the result of the treatment options that they choose (Milner, & Cosme, 2017). This paper applies the principles of evidence-based practice; develops clinical questions for various health scenarios.  Prevention of Bullying And Cyber Bullying In Adolescence Discussion Paper

P- The target population is the adolescent youth

I – the intervention; the kids should concentrate more on other important issues such as education and help their parents at home. These bullied should report the incidences to the nearby authorities

C- Comparison: USA authorities encourage their youths to report cases of cyberbullying. The strict laws in the US have minimized cyberbullying. The same strategy should apply in Australia to curb the vice.

O- The outcome of the strategy reduces cyberbullying in the youth.

PICO Clinical question: how can the youth minimize cyberbullying by concentration on other essential chores and also by spending little time online?

Solutions To Burnouts

The search terms: Cyberbullying in Australia; How to avoid cyberbullying; effects of cyberbullying on Australian youth, and how spending little time online prevents the vice. Additionally, how concentration on education and other house chores avoid cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying refers to the unhealthy harassment that the youth receive from others on the online platforms (Hinduja, S., & Patchin, 2017). The abusing messages and comments lower the self-esteem of most teenagers. Additionally, some young individuals lose hope and get depressed as a result of cyberbullying (Hamm et al., 2015). Some youths go the extent of committing suicide. The vice is standard across the world and majorly targets and affects the adolescents.

The youth can follow various steps to curb the vice in real time. Firstly, they can minimize the amount of time that they spend online. The invention of social media platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp, have glued the young ones to them for prolonged periods of time. The young generation is trendy and shares most of the events of their private lives on the online platforms (Lapidot-Lefler, & Dolev-Cohen, 2015). They reveal even private information such as their relationship and family details. Moreover, other also share their phone contacts online. Furthermore, others share their nudes online to get more likes and comment.  Sometimes, they receive positive thoughts from social media users (Betts, & Spenser, 2017). However, others abuse them and widely share their information to expose them to the whole world. The negativity in the platforms works to demoralize the youth.

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Although the youth and all stakeholders cannot wholly end cyberbullying, they can minimize it. The Australian government should come up with regulations that govern cyberbullying. Any orchestrators of bullying should face jail term (Dillon, & Bushman, 2015). Additionally, a hefty penalty is necessary for those bullying the adolescence online. The United States executive has come up with regulations to punish the suspects. The move has reduced cyberbullying in the USA.

The youth should minimize the amount of time that they spend online. The more, the time one spends on online platforms, the more their chances of experiencing bullying. As they use the whole of their day active on Facebook, they can post revealing contents online. The online world can respond by hauling insults to them (Reed, Cooper, Nugent, & Russell, 2016). The youth can find other means of spending their leisure time. They can spend more time with friends during holidays as they carry out co-curriculum activities.

The youth should prioritize education and other essential activities such as attending to church services. When they spend much time online, their school grades drop since they have little time to study. Additionally, their spiritual life is also affected. The youth should steadily review their books and attend to their religious beliefs (Lonigro et al., 2015). They should log in online platforms only after visiting academic work. The youth should desist from sharing revealing information about themselves on those platforms. However, they should expect both negative and positive reactions from the platforms.

The youth should know how to handle online comments. They should not take negative comments seriously. Additionally, they should post information that is essential and should not post irrelevant details. In case they suspect bullying, they should report to the relevant Authorities. Cyberbullying is a serious offense that requires multidisciplinary actions (Lonigro et al., 2015). The government should regulate the age of youths that can join online platforms. Those below the age of eighteen should keep off the platforms. School teachers should train teens on how to deal with cyberbullying.

A busy hospital set up experiences severe employee burnouts.  Whenever the nurses are exhausted at their duty posts, they seek infected leaves to rest and gain morale for their jobs. A health facility that has few nurses and plenty of visiting patients can experience burnout (Nanda, Lundstrom, & Ghosh, 2017). A nurse who attends to many patients in a day gets exhausted at a faster rate. Some hospitals pay little and unsustainable wages to their health employees (Traynor, 2017). Such practitioners lack enough motivation to handle a huge workload at the duty post.

Some hospitals have pathetic work environment. The conditions of the job are also unfavorable. Such deplorable work status leads to health practitioners’ burnout. Most hospitals strain nurses with long working hours (West, C. P., & Hauer, 2015). The practitioners use a lot of energy hence burnout easily in the cause of the week. The exhaustion can result from the family issues of the practitioners. Nurses who have turbulent family relationships experience increased chances of burnout. Certain hospitals do not motivate their nurses. Hence the employees have little working morale (Nelson, & Thomas, 2012). Other hospitals have very few employees, yet the workload is excessive. The lack of specialization makes workers engage in jobs outside their area of expertise, therefore, demoralizing them.

The hospitals can implement a few changes to reduce the burnout of employees. Firstly, the organizations should recruit more staff members. The increase in workload should call for a recruitment process to match the workload (Dhingra, Tewari, & Li 2016). Hospitals should restrict health practitioners to their lines of specialization. Multitasking by nurses quickly wears them out. The health facilities should medically ensure their staff members. In cases of sickness due to burnout, the facility should fully settle the hospital bills of the employees. The health facility should regulate the number of working hours. Long hours of work exhaust the minds of nurses. The healthcare workers should work for a period of six to eight hours in a day.  The health facility should motivate their staff (West, C. P., & Hauer, 2015). The motivation can be informed of industrial trips and awards. Such strategies enable workers to work long hours without rest as they chase the excellence awards.

The health facility should ensure proper working conditions for its workers. The requirements include good breaks and the provision of breakfast and lunch; well-fed employees rarely burn out. Another method of motivation is through the increase of wages. Huge salaries motivate the employees (Nelson, & Thomas, 2012). Those who pay little amount of burnout faster than those with competitive packages. The health facility should create a guidance and counseling department. The section should assist members who have pressing family matters. Unsuccessful marriages and domestic violence at their private places may lead to the burnout (West, & Hauer, 2015). Thus, nurses should get expert advice on how to make their marriages work.

The health facility should accept nursing students on attachment and internship to bail out the employed health practitioners. Additionally, the hospital should employ both temporary and permanent workers. The temporary employees should fill up for workers on leave. The hospital should introduce the shift system of work. Nurses should continuously work for a week.  The next nurse should carry on the duties in the proceeding weeks (West, C. P., & Hauer, 2015). The hospital should foster teamwork. Individualistic commitment is stressful, and hence the nurse can make treatment mistakes (West, C. P., & Hauer, 2015). The physicians should consult among themselves to avoid burnout. The health organization should grant long holidays to nurses to enable them to resume duty when they are fresh enough. The health facility should give the clinicians the sick leaves unconditionally.

P- The patient is Mr. Johnson; the problem is how to manage stress

I – The interventions include the development of positive thinking among others

C- Comparison. The development of positive thinking works better than therapeutic strategies.

O- Observation. Proper implementation of the interventions reduces the magnitude of the anxiety

PICO question: what are the strategies for reducing anxiety?

Search terms: the definition of anxiety; causes of stress, and strategies to eliminate fear.

Anxiety is the state of the mind that makes one restless as they wait for uncertainty (Malouff, J. 2013). The feeling makes an individual be unease. In the life of a person, at some time, everyone must experience the excitement. When it grips an individual, the person cannot properly carry out their daily activities. Anxiety touches the minds of the affected individuals. An anxious person gets difficulty in sleep (Katzman et al., 2014). Most anxious people stay awake during the night time. The arrival of the feeling should indicate to the victim that something is amiss (Candy, Atkin, Vickerstaff, & Tookman, 2015). Therefore, the person needs to seek urgent medical attention.

There are numerous ways of preventing anxiety. Firstly, the victim should disagree with the thoughts that anxiety poses. The individual should not allow anxiety to control them. In most cases, anxiety forces individuals to think negatively. The anxious individual starts seeing no positive points in life (Butow et al., 2015). The person presumes that the negativity in their mind is soon becoming a reality.  An anxious person like Mr. Johnson begins to see themselves in the worst part of life. To prevent anxiety, Mr. Johnson should try and erase the negative thinking and feel from his mind. He should develop a positive mentality however uncertain his situation may be. He should be courageous and hopeful that everything turns up well.  Prevention of Bullying And Cyber Bullying In Adolescence Discussion Paper

Victims of anxiousness need a reversal of mentality. Mr. Johnson should reverse the thoughts that are crossing his mind from negative to positive thoughts. Moreover, Mr. Johnson should evaluate his mind and categorize his ideas. He should avoid the feeling that makes him be a sad and a worried man (Watson, & Kissane, 2017). Moreover, he should embrace thoughts that bring joy to his heart. He should train his eyes on what to see and what to avoid. He should prevent seeing adverse occurrences such as dead bodies or of individuals shading tears. Before making any conclusions, Mr. Johnson should critically assess the evidence beforehand.

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Mr. Johnson should develop positivity in his thinking. He should narrow down his thoughts to specifics and abandon a broad style of view. In case, he is apprehensive about an occasion; he should draw a suitable method of dealing with the problem at hand. After too much work, Mr. Johnson should take a vacation. The strenuous job without rest leads to anxiety (Shaw et al., 2017). He needs the rest of mind and soul to curb anxiety. He should not work throughout. However, he should look for time to relax and have a reflective framework. Mr. Johnson should consider listening to his favorite genre of music to relieve stress.

Constant physical regiments also reduce the feelings of anxiety. Mrs. Johnson should start cooking a balanced diet for the patient. She should ensure that the husband eats appropriately and observe at least three meals in a day (Creswell, Waite, & Cooper, 2014). Mr. Johnson should sleep adequately. The sleeping from should span from six to eight hours. Mr. Johnson should prepare himself for any eventuality. Furthermore, he should know how to deal with any occurrence no matter the magnitude. He should stop worrying about what the future beholds. However, e should take each day as it comes and strives to have a better future.

Mr. Johnson should carry out an evaluation test on himself. Additionally, he should list down the list of his priorities. Therefore, he should strive hard to achieve the goals that honestly matter. He should avoid thinking about things that don’t matter to him. Anxiety manifests as a negative thought. Therefore, he should keep himself busy to avoid the time for negative thoughts. The activities that he carries out to prevent idleness should concur with his priorities.

Conclusion

Research and Evidence-based practice are two different terms. While research involves looking into the causes of a scenario, the analysis in evidence-based practice must have supporting literature. Conduction of a particular evidence practice requires the use of the PICO model to formulate a research question. The nurses then use the clinical problem to obtain supportive evidence of any treatment method.  Nurses can use evidence-based practice to solve a majority of issues. PICO is an acronym; each work has meaning. The letter P is Problem, or patient or population. The letter addresses the specific patient or society that the EBP research is targeting. Note (I) Is the measure of Intervention. The analysis should provide a wide range of evidence-based treatment solutions for a given ailment. Letter (C) Stands for comparison. The nurses should compare their method of treatment to others. Letter (O) Stands for observation. After the procedure, the nurses observe the effectiveness of the treatment options. The researchers use PICO to formulate an EBP clinical question.

References

Betts, L. R., & Spenser, K. A. (2017). “People think it’s a harmless joke”: young people’s understanding of the impact of technology, digital vulnerability and cyberbullying in the United Kingdom. Journal of Children and Media, 11(1), 20-35.

Butow, P., Price, M. A., Shaw, J. M., Turner, J., Clayton, J. M., Grimison, P., … & Kirsten, L. (2015). Clinical pathway for the screening, assessment, and management of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients: Australian guidelines. Psycho?Oncology, 24(9), 987-1001.

Candy, B., Atkin, N., Vickerstaff, V., & Tookman, A. (2015, May). ‘Worried to Death’: The Assessment and Management of Anxiety in Patients with Advanced Life-limiting Disease, a National Survey of Palliative Medicine Physicians. 14th World Congress of the European Association for Palliative Care.

Creswell, C., Waite, P., & Cooper, P. J. (2014). Assessment and management of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Archives of disease in childhood, archdischild-2013.

Dhingra, M., Tewari, R., & Li, M. (2016). Resilience training in medical school: the solution to doctor burnout?.

Dillon, K. P., & Bushman, B. J. (2015). Unresponsive or un-noticed?: Cyberbystander intervention in an experimental cyberbullying context. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 144-150.

Hamm, M. P., Newton, A. S., Chisholm, A., Shulhan, J., Milne, A., Sundar, P., … & Hartling, L. (2015). Prevalence and effect of cyberbullying on children and young people: A scoping review of social media studies. JAMA Pediatrics, 169(8), 770-777.

Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2017). Cultivating youth resilience to prevent bullying and cyberbullying victimization. Child abuse & neglect, 73, 51-62.

Katzman, M. A., Bleau, P., Blier, P., Chokka, P., Kjernisted, K., & Van Ameringen, M. (2014). Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), S1.

Lapidot-Lefler, N., & Dolev-Cohen, M. (2015). Comparing cyberbullying and school bullying among school students: Prevalence, gender, and grade level differences. The social psychology of education, 18(1), 1-16.  Prevention of Bullying And Cyber Bullying In Adolescence Discussion Paper