Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

The Assignment
In a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation, address the following:

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Provide an overview of the article you selected, including answers to the following questions:
What type of group was discussed?
Who were the participants in the group? Why were they selected?Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay
What was the setting of the group?
How often did the group meet?
What was the duration of the group therapy?
What curative factors might be important for this group and why?
What “exclusion criteria” did the authors mention?
Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own client groups. If so, how? If not, why?
Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article.
Note: The presentation should be 5–10 slides, not including the title and reference slides. Include presenter notes (no more than a half page per slide) and use tables and/or diagrams where appropriate. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from the article you selected. Support your presentation with evidence-based literature.Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

Assignment 1: Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice
Literature in

psychotherapy differs from other areas of clinical practice. Generally, there are no clinical trials in psychotherapy because it is often neither appropriate nor ethical to have controls in psychotherapy research. This sometimes makes it more difficult to translate research findings into practice. In your role, however, you must be able to synthesize current literature and apply it to your own clients. For this Assignment, you begin practicing this skill by examining current literature on psychodynamic therapy and considering how it might translate into your own clinical practice.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

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Learning Objective

Evaluate the application of current literature to clinical practice
To prepare:

Review and evaluate the psychodynamic therapy article attached in the file and reflect on the insights they provide.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
The Assignment

In a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation, address the following:

Provide an overview of the article you selected.
What population is under consideration?
What was the specific intervention that was used? Is this a new intervention or one that was already used?
What were the author’s claims?
Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own clients. If so, how? If not, why?
Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article. Support your position with evidence-based literature.
Note: The presentation should be 5-10 slides, not including the title and reference slides. Include presenter notes (no more than ½ page per slide) and use tables and/or diagrams where appropriate. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from the article you selected. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

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Reference of this article in APA format:Migone, P. (2013). Psychoanalysis on the Internet: A discussion of its theoreTcal implicaTons for both online and oFine therapeuTc technique. Psychoanalytc Psychology, 30(2), 281–299. doi:10.1037/a0031507PSYCHOANALYSIS ON THE INTERNET: A Discussion of its Theoretical Implications for Both Online and OFine Therapeutic TechniqueIt is a commonplace to say that the Internet is changing the way we communicate, and also the way we live, withrepercussions that are not easily foreseeable.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay The worldwide web (www) is penetrating into every corner of our life,gradually changing ourselves and itself as it becomes more and more sophisticated in order to meet the mostdiversified needs. The importance of the Internet has been compared to the revolutionary discovery of the printingpress.Here I will take into consideration only one of the many possibilities the Internet can offer, namely as a vehicle forpsychoanalytic therapy. But this paper will not deal with the clinical aspects of Internet therapy (a literature alreadyexists in this regard).Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay It will deal, instead, specifically with the theoretical implications of both online and offline therapyfor therapeutic technique, and in order to do so it will necessarily discuss also the differences between the twotherapeutic settings. It is argued that the way we think about online therapy has direct implications for the way wethink and practice traditional, “offline” therapy. In other words, this paper will not deal with the question of therapeuticaction or with the validity of online therapy. Internet therapy is only taken as a pretext—an excuse, so to speak—inorder to reflect on theory of psychoanalytic technique in general, and also on the identity of psychoanalysis versuspsychoanalytic psychotherapy. It should be clear that this paper is not a plea for the practice of psychoanalysisonline. Rather, it aims at encouraging a reflection on theory of technique.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay Psychoanalysis on the Internet is notdiscussed as such in this paper, but serves as a reference point to consider theory of technique, in particular the waywe conceive “communication” between patient and analyst.Psychotherapy on the Internet has been referred to in many ways; for example, as online psychotherapy,telepsychotherapy, e-psychotherapy, etc., and it is a phenomenon that is rapidly growing. There are more and moreweb sites for counseling or for online psychotherapy, studies on the efficacy of this practice have been carried out,and so forth. In recent years, several psychoanalysts involved with the China American Psychoanalytic Alliance(CAPA, http://www.capachina.org) are experimenting with teaching, supervision, and therapy with Skype to Chinesecolleagues with the aim of helping the growth of psychoanalytic practice and culture in that country.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay (For discussionson the psychological implications of the Internet and on the interface between the Internet and psychoanalysis, see,among others, Turkle, 1985, 1995; Wallace, 1999; Bird, 2003; Akhtar, 2004; Ormay, 2006; Malater, 2007; Monder,Toronto, & Aislie, 2007; Dini, 2009; Cairo & Fischbein, 2010; Scharff, 2012; see also “Special issue on the Internet,”2007, Vol. 94, Issue 1, The Psychoanalytic Review).Technical Aspects of Internet CommunicationThe Internet allows us to connect and communicate with people who may live in any corner of the world at a very lowcost, virtually for free, or, at worst, at the price of a local phone call. One may object that this happenstance is notaltogether new, since the telephone already made this possible. In fact, in the United States the issue of “telephoneanalysis” was discussed at least as early as the 1950s (e.g., Saul, 1951).Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay Commentators have variously consideredtelephone analysis a useful way to overcome certain resistances or impasses in the analysis, to replace missedsessions, to save time and reduce travel expenses in the case of long distances or when a patient’s handicaps limitmovement, and when either patient or analyst move to another city and the parties do not want to interrupt anongoing analysis.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
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What the Internet can offer, compared to the telephone, is the opportunity for a video-conference (e.g., with Skype).Thanks to so-called virtual reality, it is possible to simulate the session almost exactly. There are those who evensimulate the waiting room. With audio and video synchronized in real time, it is possible also to duplicate the timing ofinterventions, silences, the length and times of scheduled “sessions,” and various other rituals as if both partnerswere in the office. Concerning privacy, sophisticated programs (such as those used by Internet banks) may encryptcommunications (this is true especially with Skype, considered to be secure in computer-to-computercommunications ), and ethical codes for Internet have been suggested (e.g., see American PsychologicalAssociation, 1997; Manhal-Baugus, 2001; Heinlen, Welfel, Richmond, & O’Donnell, 2003; Mora, Nevid, & Chaplin,2008; Fitzgerald, Hunter, Hadjistavropoulos, & Koocher, 2010). Nonetheless, in many respects, Internetpsychotherapy can be considered a variation of telepsychiatry or even telemedicine, both of which have beenexperimented with for a number of years in order to reduce costs in countries such as Australia, where there are oftenformidable distances intervening between doctors and patients (e.g., see Dongier, 1986; Preston, Brown, & Hartley,1992; Baer et al., 1995; Kaplan, 1997, 2000; Brown, 1998; Gammon, Sorlie, Bergvik, & Hoifodt, 1998; Gelber &Alexander, 1999; Zaylor, 1999; Simpson, 2001; Taylor & Luce, 2003; Hilty, Marks, Urness, Yellowlees, & Nesbitt,2004; Bauer, Wolf, Haug, & Kordy, 2011; Wolf, 2011).Video-conferencing (e.g., with Skype, which is widely used) is not the only way of Internet communication; there areother modalities that are quite different. Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice EssayThese modalities are distributed along a continuum of types of humancommunications, and they should not be lumped together, because each has its own specific characteristics thatshape the therapeutic interaction—in the same way as, for that matter, various “normal,” offline therapeutic situationshave their own characteristics that shape the interaction. For example, another possibility for therapeutic interchangeis constituted by the written communications of e-mail or chat (the latter is in real time). Actually, these forms ofwritten communication seem to be more widely used as methods for Internet therapy or counseling, perhaps becausethey do not require any special technical arrangements beyond an ordinary personal computer (incidentally, weshould not forget the widespread use of SMS [short message service] with cellular phones between patients andanalysts). Other commonly used modalities are discussion lists, forums, and blogs or self-help groups, where—in away analogous to groups such as, for example, Alcoholic Anonymous—more people can interact and talk aboutcommon themes, or else can simply listen (“lurk”) and profit from what others say (for an overview, see Houston,Cooper, & Ford, 2002).It may be worthwhile to spend a few moments on the differences between written and oral communication beforeproceeding (Migone, 1998b).Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay The enormous diffusion of communication by e-mail may represent a veritable return tothe era of correspondence through letters, an era which had disappeared with the advent of telephone. But uponreflection, e-mail is similar to hand-written letters chiefly in one respect; namely, the fact that one has to write downwhat one wants to say, inducing, due to the slowness of the process, a different emotional and reflexive disposition.To be sure, this putative slowness is true especially of hand-written letters, as writing with a keyboard is invariablymuch faster. Moreover, thanks to word processing, the process has been speeded up further, for it is now alsopossible to review the text and erase “errors” or simply to delete text with great rapidity.Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay To be sure, it was alwayspossible to recopy a letter with changes or even tear it into pieces and throw it into the wastebasket, with the option ofretrying it on another day.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay Yet editorial changes on written letters generally take more time.An important difference between e-mail and surface mail (“snail mail”) is the transmission speed, which is close toreal time with e-mails (they can reach their destination within seconds or minutes) and very slow for surface mail(days). This arguably creates a sense of immediacy in sending an e-mail that a regular letter—even if it is by specialpost—lacks. But this immediacy is offset by the fact that with e-mail it is difficult or impossible to communicate othermeanings except the content itself, which is privileged at the expense of nonverbal or analogical communication.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay Notonly it is impossible to see the facial expressions and to hear the tone of voice, as in face-to-face contact, but it isclearly impossible in e-mail to see personal calligraphy, except for the style allowed by word processing; namely,choice of font, capital letters (as in screaming), italics, bold (in programs that allow this), and “emoticons” (a wellknown term that means emotions symbolized by icons, e.g., using parenthesis for the mouth, colons for the eyes,etc.). Whether for these reasons, or due to the sense of immediacy of nearly real-time communication, or because ofa vague ancestral tie to that forerunner of all e-mails—the memo—people do not ordinarily put into their e-mailsanything like the concentration, circumspection, or art they once put into their letters.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay That is not to say they couldn’t ifthey chose. And to this must be added the pertinent comparison that people have never put the same level ofconcentration or art into their conversation—except in diplomatic situations and in salons, where it is expected. Yetthis lack of art in conversation obviously does not prevent psychotherapy from taking place, any more than letterwriting necessarily either enhances it or prevents it. For the record, the first historical example of “psychoanalysis by
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Assignment: Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice

Literature in psychotherapy differs from other areas of clinical practice. Generally, there are no clinical trials in psychotherapy because it is often neither appropriate nor ethical to have controls in psychotherapy research. This sometimes makes it more difficult to translate research findings into practice. In your role, however, you must be able to synthesize current literature and apply it to your own clients. For this Assignment, you begin practicing this skill by examining current literature on psychodynamic therapy and considering how it might translate into your own clinical practice.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Learning Objective

· Evaluate the application of current literature to clinical practice Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

To prepare:

· Review and evaluate the psychodynamic therapy article attached in the file and reflect on the insights they provide.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

The Assignment

In a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation, address the following:

· Provide an overview of the article you selected.

· What population is under consideration?

· What was the specific intervention that was used? Is this a new intervention or one that was already used?

· What were the author’s claims?

· Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own clients. If so, how? If not, why?Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

· Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article. Support your position with evidence-based literature.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Note: The presentation should be 5-10 slides, not including the title and reference slides. Include presenter notes (no more than ½ page per slide) and use tables and/or diagrams where appropriate. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from the article you selected. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice
Literature in psychotherapy differs from other areas of clinical practice. Generally, there are no clinical trials in psychotherapy because it is often neither appropriate nor ethical to have controls in psychotherapy research. This sometimes makes it more difficult to translate research findings into practice. In your role, however, you must be able to synthesize current literature and apply it to your own clients. For this Assignment, you begin practicing this skill by examining current literature on psychodynamic therapy and considering how it might translate into your own clinical practice.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
Learning Objectives
Students will:
• Evaluate the application of current literature to clinical practice
To prepare:
• Review this week’s Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide.
• Select one of the psychodynamic therapy articles from the Learning Resources to evaluate for this Assignment.
Note: In nursing practice, it is not uncommon to review current literature and share findings with your colleagues. Approach this Assignment as though you were presenting the information to your colleagues.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
The Assignment
In a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation, address the following:
• Provide an overview of the article you selected.
o What population is under consideration?
o What was the specific intervention that was used? Is this a new intervention or one that was already used?
o What were the author’s claims?
• Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own clients. If so, how? If not, why?
• Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article. Support your position with evidence-based literature.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice
Literature in psychotherapy differs from other areas of clinical practice. Generally, there are no clinical trials in psychotherapy because it is often neither appropriate nor ethical to have controls in psychotherapy research. This sometimes makes it more difficult to translate research findings into practice. In your role, however, you must be able to synthesize current literature and apply it to your own clients. For this Assignment, you begin practicing this skill by examining current literature on psychodynamic therapy and considering how it might translate into your own clinical practice.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
Learning Objectives
Students will:
Evaluate the application of current literature to clinical practice
To prepare:
Review this weeks Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
Select one of the psychodynamic therapy articles from the Learning Resources to evaluate for this Assignment.
Note: In nursing practice, it is not uncommon to review current literature and share findings with your colleagues. Approach this Assignment as though you were presenting the information to your colleagues.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay
The Assignment
In a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation, address the following:
Provide an overview of the article you selected.
o What population is under consideration?
o What was the specific intervention that was used? Is this a new intervention or one that was already used?
o What were the authors claims?
Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own clients. If so, how? If not, why?
Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Background
In healthcare research, results diffuse only slowly into clinical practice, and there is a need to bridge the gap between research and practice. This study elucidates how healthcare professionals in a hospital setting experience working with the implementation of research results.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Method
A descriptive design was chosen. During 2014, 12 interviews were carried out with healthcare professionals representing different roles in the implementation process, based on semi-structured interview guidelines. The analysis was guided by a directed content analysis approach.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Results
The initial implementation was non-formalized. In the decision-making and management process, the pattern among nurses and doctors, respectively, was found to be different. While nurses’ decisions tended to be problem-oriented and managed on a person-driven basis, doctors’ decisions were consensus-oriented and managed by autonomy. All, however, experienced a knowledge-based execution of the research results, as the implementation process ended.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

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Conclusion
The results illuminate the challenges involved in closing the evidence-practice gap, and may add to the growing body of knowledge on which basis actions can be taken to ensure the best care and treatment available actually reaches the patient.Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay

Applying Current Literature to Clinical Practice Essay Essay Online Nursing Essay.

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Change is an essential component of nursing practice. Leading change is a challenge for nurse leaders amid the complexities and challenges of evolving health care environments in providing quality patient care. This chapter is designed to provide nurse leaders with guidance through various theories and frameworks to effectively support the change process in shaping healthy work environments. Additionally, you will learn about resistance to change and how to respond constructively to change. This chapter focuses on providing guidelines for nurse leaders on behaviours and practices for encouraging and facilitating change in the health care setting.

Learning Objectives
Explain why nurses have the opportunity to be change agents.
Identify how different theorists explain change.
Discuss how the nursing process is similar to the change process.Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay
Discuss the medicine wheel as a change model.
Describe the nurse leader’s role in implementing change and the call to action.
Differentiate among change strategies.
Recognize how to handle resistance to change.
The rapid pace of change in Canada’s health care system provides opportunities for nurse leaders to refine and advance their leadership and management skills for advancing change. Various forces that drive change in health care include rising costs of treatment, new technologies, advances in science, workforce shortages, and an aging population. Change initiatives must always be implemented for good reason within the context of advancing institutional goals and objectives. Balancing change is a key challenge within a patient- and family-centred model to provide safe and reliable patient care (Stefancyk, Hancock, & Meadows, 2013; Saskatchewan Ministry of Health, 2011).

9.1 THE NURSE LEADER AS CHANGE AGENT
Nurse leaders must ensure the day-to-day operation of their unit(s) in a rapidly evolving health care system. Nurse leaders are often called upon to be agents of change and are often responsible for the success of a project. Yet the literature suggests that leaders continue to struggle with change despite the frequency with which they are involved in leading change (Gilley, Gilley, & McMillan, 2009; Quinn, 2004). A change agent is an individual who has formal or informal legitimate power and whose purpose is to direct and guide change (Sullivan, 2012). This person identifies a vision and rationale for the change and is a role model for nurses and other health care personnel.

Nurse leaders’ behaviours influence staff actions that contribute to change (Drucker, 1999; Yukl, 2013). The significant number of changes that nurse leaders face require new ways of thinking about leading change and adapting to new ways of working. Moreover, leaders work closely with frontline care providers to identify necessary change in the workplace that would improve work processes and patient care. As such, nurse leaders must have the requisite skills for influencing human behaviour, including supervisory ability, intelligence, the need for achievement, decisiveness, and persistence to guide the process (Gilley et al., 2009). Effective change management requires the leader to be knowledgeable about the process, tools, and techniques required to improve outcomes (Shirey, 2013).Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

9.2 THEORIES AND MODELS OF CHANGE THEORIES
Knowledge of the science of change theory is critical to altering organizational systems. Being conversant with various change theories can provide a framework for implementing, managing, and evaluating change within the context of human behaviour. Change theories can be linear or non-linear; however, even linear theories do not unfold in a systematic and organized pattern. In the following section, we identify the role of leader and the typical pattern of events that occur in a change event.

Force Field Model and The Unfreezing-Change-Refreezing Model
Kurt Lewin (1951) is known as a pioneer in the study of group dynamics and organizational development. He theorized a three-stage model of change (unfreezing-change-refreezing model) in order to identify and examine the factors and forces that influence a situation. The theory requires leaders to reject prior knowledge and replace it with new information. It is based on the idea that if one can identify and determine the potency of forces, then it is possible to know the forces that need to be diminished or strengthened to bring about change (Burnes, 2004).Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

Lewin describes behaviour as “a dynamic balance of forces working in opposing directions” (cited in Shirey, 2013, p.1). The force field model is best applied to stable environments and he makes note of two types of forces: driving forces and restraining forces. Driving forces are those that push in a direction that causes the change to occur or that facilitate the change because they push a person in a desired direction. Restraining forces are those that counter the driving force and hinder the change because they push a person away from a desired direction. Finally, change can occur if the driving forces override or weaken the restraining forces.

This important force field model forms the foundation of Lewin’s three-stage theory on change (1951) (see Figure 9.2.1). Unfreezing is the first stage, which involves the process of finding a method to assist individuals in letting go of an old pattern of behaviour and facilitating individuals in overcoming resistance and group conformity (Kritsonis, 2005). In this stage, disequilibrium occurs to disrupt the system, making it possible to identify the driving forces for the change and the likely restraining forces against it. A successful change ultimately involves strengthening the driving forces and weakening the restraining forces (Shirey, 2013). This can be achieved by the use of three methods: (1) increase the driving forces that direct the behaviour away from the existing situation or equilibrium; (2) decrease the restraining forces that negatively affect the movement away from the current equilibrium; or (3) combine the first two methods.Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

The second stage, moving or change, involves the process of a change in thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviours. Lewin (1951) describes three actions that can assist in movement: (1) persuading others that the status quo is not beneficial and encouraging others to view a problem with a fresh perspective; (2) working with others to find new, relevant information that can help effect the desired change; and (3) connecting with powerful leaders who also support the change (Kristonis, 2005). This second stage is often the most difficult due to the fact that there is a level of uncertainty and fear associated with change (Shirey, 2013). Therefore, it is important to have a supportive team and clear communication in order to achieve the desired change.Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay

Lastly, stage three, which Lewin called refreezing, involves establishing the change as a new habit. The third stage is necessary to ensure that the change implemented (in the second stage) will “stick” over time (Kristonis, 2005). Success at this stage will create a new equilibrium state known to be the new norm or higher level of performance expectation (Shirey, 2013).

Although Lewin’s model on change is well known and widely accepted in health care settings, it is often criticized for being too simplistic and linear. Change is often unpredictable and complex, and an effective leader must be aware of many change models. Applying Current Literature To Clinical Practice Essay