Nursing Leadership and Management

The Significance Of Kidney Disease Among African American Women

Chronic kidney disease is one of the major health issue which disproportionately impacts the health of the minority and the low income community. In United States, the African American community suffers from the highest rate of the kidney disease as compared to some author ethnic and racial group (Vart et al., 2020). The main aim of the report is to discuss about prevention of kidney disease among the African American woman population. The report has been subsections with a detailed description of the significance of kidney disease implicating the age, gender, ethnicity, incidence, prevalence comorbidity and mortality rates and cost implications, some evidence based strategies for primary prevention of the health problem and the variables which effect achievement of the primary prevention goal. The report concludes with a brief description of the main points that has been mentioned in this article.

The African American population is approximately recorded to be 15% of US population. They experiences the maximum rate of the premature morbidity and mortality in United States for majority of the medical conditions (Laster et al., 2018) The direct effects of race on the health status for the African American population is relegated to persistent degree of their low socioeconomic status. This is due to the institutionalised policies and the practices which perpetuate the residential segregation, greater risk for violent death and reduce quality of public school system. It has been observed that chronic kidney disease is one of the major health problem among the African American population in which woman are prone to the disease condition as compared to that of men. The African American community possess approximately four times the risk for developing kidney disease as compared to other racial groups. Although the African American population is observed to be 15% of the USA population, however they comprises around 40% of the total population of USA who have developed kidney disease among which 29% are among the women (Olivo et al., 2018). The African American women experiences socio economic, health and political consequences of the structural racism that effect the health care provided to them. The racial identity affects the navigation through healthcare system which resulted in affecting the management of the chronic illness in healthcare system. Several studies have recorded that the mortality and mobility rate of the African American women due to chronic kidney disease have reported to be around 42% the of the total mortality rate in the population (Carrero et al., 2018). Recent data have suggested an increasing burden of the kidney disease among the African American population with special mention to the woman. This resulted in the increasing expense for the management of the disease which contributed for about 27.6% increase of the management cost. Prevention Of Kidney Disease Among African American Women Example Paper Within next few years this amount would experience upsurge of 39% of the total cost for the treatment of kidney disease. These factors lead to the health disparities among different social, racial and ethnic groups In United States, the economic stability and lack of education are the major social determinates of health associated with the kidney disease and the health disparities linked with it. Therefore, prevention of kidney disease among the African American Women is one of the major issues that requires to be addressed in the recent years (Ricardo et al., 2019).

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Evidence-Based Strategies For Primary Prevention Of Kidney Disease

According to World Health Organization, health promotion is defined as the method of enabling an individual to increase their control over and improvement of their health. Health promotion strategies are to be designed in order to prevent diseases among a group of people. One of the major health promotion strategy is to assess readiness to learn about a health problem among the population (Graham et al., 2018). The principle of accessing readiness to learn involves collection of data and promoting them which helps to determine whether the participants are willing to learn about the health issue so that it can be prevented in the near future. In the health promotion program subject relevant to kidney disease is to be address for promoting health and problems related to the disorder. There are several health issues that are directly related to kidney disease which might complicate the condition of the patient. Therefore, these relevant subject should be included in order to educate the people about these complications (Basi?ska-Zych & Springer, 2021). Before designing strategies for health promotion, reading level of the group should be considered which would help to promote and prevent health problems effectively. The reading level of an individual comprising the community or the group is important for promoting health education. During health promotion the engagement of the learner or the participants is to be ensured for effective health communication which would confirm that the contents of the promotion has reached them.

Before initiating a health program, the content of the health teaching should be outlined so that the relevant subject is being addressed in the promotional program. The time frame of the educational health promotion is to be drawn for effective prevention of health problem among the target group. A time frame is required which would help to systematically present the approaches of health teaching among the African American women population (Randolph et al., 2021). The health promotion is to be conducted in specific locality, institutions and organizational places and community places. The education would be presented in form of large sized banners, info graphs and presentations that would be displayed during the promotional program.

There are several variables that affect the attainment goal of health promotion that are relevant to a specific health problem. Some of these variables includes cultural, legal, psychosocial economic and family variables. Some of the social variables that effect the achievement of the goal of health promotion includes poverty, inadequate access to the healthcare system, stigma a major factor for negative health outcome, lack of proper education and racism (Baum, 2021). These factors have contributed for preventing goal achievement of the health promotion. There are several legal variables which comprises of different policies and laws related to healthcare system that prevents positive outcome of health promotion. The law introducing telehealth facility have made it difficult for the backward community with low educational rate to communicate with health care professionals effectively. The psycho socio economic factors which affects the goal attainment includes low income rate, unemployment rate low education, lower community safety and social support significantly effects the health prevention goal. There are several psychological beliefs among several ethnic and racial groups which prevents them to access healthcare system. It has been observed that majority of the families belonging to the ethnic and racial groups opposes to participate in the health promotion that might effectively reduce the aim of primary prevention goal and its achievements by the health care professionals (Di Ruggiero, 2019).

Conclusion

From the above discussion it can be concluded that chronic kidney disease is one of the major health issue and major reason for increased mortality rates among the African American population with special reference to the woman. Health promotion would help to reduce the health disparity among African American population. In order to effectively conduct health promotion several evidence-based strategies are to be adopted and some health teaching principles are to be practiced in order to achieve the goal of health promotion. However, there are several variables which prevents the attainment of the goal which are relevant to the health problem. These variables are to be overcome in order to promote health and related education to reduce the mortality rate among the African American woman due to chronic kidney disease in the near future.

References

Basi?ska-Zych, A., & Springer, A. (2021). Organizational and individual outcomes of health promotion strategies—a review of empirical research. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(2), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020383

Baum, F. (2021). How can health promotion contribute to pulling humans back from the brink of disaster?. Global health promotion, 17579759211044074. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F17579759211044074

Carrero, J. J., Hecking, M., Chesnaye, N. C., & Jager, K. J. (2018). Sex and gender disparities in the epidemiology and outcomes of chronic kidney disease. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 14(3), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2017.181

Di Ruggiero, E. (2019). Health promotion in the sustainable development goal era. Global Health Promotion, 26(3), 3-4. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1757975919874708

Graham, L. F., Scott, L., Lopeyok, E., Douglas, H., Gubrium, A., & Buchanan, D. (2018). Outreach strategies to recruit low-income African American men to participate in health promotion programs and research: lessons from the Men of Color Health Awareness (MOCHA) Project. Prevention Of Kidney Disease Among African American Women Example Paper