Write a 500-750-word essay that includes the following:

1. The history of SQL language.
2. The purpose of SQL language.
3. A statement and screenshot of each executed command.
4. Discussion of deletion and marker columns (50-75 words).

General Requirements

The bulk of the essay should focus on the history and purpose of SQL language.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.  Data Manipulation and Querying with SQL Essay

History of SQL Language

Raymond Boyce and Donald Chamberlin, both researchers at IBM, are credited with the development of the SQL programming language in the 1970s. After Edgar Frank Codd published his article “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks” in 1970, the computer language, which was referred to as SEQUEL at the time, was developed as a direct response (Brooks, 2021).

Codd suggested in his work that all of the information included in a database should be shown using relations. Boyce and Chamberlin developed the SQL database system using this idea as its foundation. The first iteration of SQL was developed by IBM in order to monitor and access information that was kept in System R, the company’s first relational database management system.

On the other hand, the SQL programming language was not made accessible to the general public until quite a few years down the line. 1979 saw the first public release of Oracle V2, the business’s very own implementation of SQL (Brooks, 2021). At the time, the company was known as Relational Software, but it would go on to become Oracle in the years that followed.

Since then, SQL was established as a standard language for communicating with relational databases by ANSI and ISO, and it has become a widely accepted technology. Despite the fact that major SQL suppliers alter the language to suit their needs, the vast majority of SQL applications are based on the version that has been authorized by ANSI.

The Purpose of SQL Language

The features of SQL may be beneficial to a wide variety of users, such as end users, database managers, application programmers, and administrators. SQL was developed with the intention of providing a user interface to relational databases such as Oracle and MySQL (Knight, 2017). The database is instructed to do the desired actions based on the information provided by SQL queries. When compared to languages such As python and Java, SQL is more specialized. SQL provides a lot of benefits, some of which include the ability to handle sets of data as groupings instead of as single entities and the provision of automatic data traversal.

Using SQL, it is possible to perform logical operations on data. Only the implementation details are of importance to users when they wish to change data (Ashdown et al., 2021). To obtain a list of entries from a table, for instance, the user needs first to set a filtering criterion. In a single step, all entries that are relevant to the search are retrieved from the database and presented to the user, another SQL query, or the program itself (Ashdown et al., 2021). There is no necessity for the user to handle each row individually or to be worried about how they are physically held or accessed. Data Manipulation and Querying with SQL Essay

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SQL includes statements that may be used for a wide range of purposes, including the following:

• Data retrieval through querying.
• Adding new rows to a table, editing existing rows, and removing rows from a table.
• Creating new items, removing old ones, modifying existing ones, and deleting old ones.
• Managing who may browse the database and the various items inside it.
• Ensuring that the database is consistent and has no integrity issues.

SQL is supported by the majority of relational database management systems. Hence, it is possible to apply all of the expertise obtained with SQL to another database even if it was acquired with a different database. SQL ensures the portability of every single application it is used to develop. They are often transferable from one database to another with very little need for modification on the part of the user (Ashdown et al., 2021). SQL is capable of retrieving a substantial quantity of data in a time and space economical manner. In virtually little time at all, tasks such as inserting new data, deleting old data, and manipulating existing data may be completed. Data Manipulation and Querying with SQL Essay

Statement and Screenshot of Executed Command

Query: SELECT * FROM Provider;

Query one: SELECT Last Name, Hire Date FROM PROVIDER;

Deletion and Marker Columns

Rather than actually deleting rows from a table, it is preferable to utilize a marker column for deletion instead. This is due to the fact that data needed may be deleted without affecting the functionality of other tables. Since deleting a row might have such severe repercussions, the vast majority of relational database management systems do not permit this action unless there are no values associated with the row in question (Coronel and Morris, 2017). It is also important to keep in mind that there is a limitation on deleting columns, which states that it is not feasible to delete a column if it is constrained by CHECK until the constraint is eliminated. It is possible to remove unnecessary data by using a marker column for deletion rather than removing the entire row. This is advantageous since it is more prone to causing data loss.

References

Ashdown, L., Keesling, D., & Kyte, T. (2021). Oracle Database Concepts, 21c. https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/cncpt/sql.html#GUIDDA48618A-A6BB-421A-A10A-02859D8ED9AD

Brooks, C. (2021, November 19). What is SQL? Business News Daily. https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/5804-what-is-sql.html

Coronel, C., & Morris, S. (2017). Database Systems: Design, implementation, & management. (13th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Knight, M. (2017, August 21). What is Structured Query Language (SQL)? Data Versity. https://www.dataversity.net/structured-query-language-sql/

Data Manipulation and Querying with SQL Essay