Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
During this period of profound growth and development, babies grow and change rapidly.
Doctors recommend that you speak to your baby a lot during this phase, because hearing your voice will help your baby to develop communication skills. Other suggestions include:Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
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- Short periods of tummy time to help strengthen your baby’s neck and back muscles — but make sure baby is awake and you’re close by for this playtime.
- Respond right away when your baby cries. Picking up and comforting a crying baby builds strong bonds between the two of you.
Development table: Birth to 18 months
| 1-3 months | 4-6 months | 5-9 months | 9-12 months | 12-18 months | |
| Cognitive | Shows interest in objects and human faces
May get bored with repeated activities |
Recognizes familiar faces
Notices music Responds to signs of love and affection |
Brings hands up to mouth
Passes things from one hand to the other |
Watches things fall
Looks for hidden things |
Has learned how to use some basic things like spoons
Can point to named body parts |
| Social and emotional | Tries to look at you or other people
Starts to smile at people |
Responds to facial expressions
Enjoys playing with people Responds differently to different voice tones |
Enjoys mirrors
Knows when a stranger is present |
May be clingy or prefer familiar people | May engage in simple pretend games
May have tantrums |
| Language | Begins to coo and make vowel sounds
Becomes calm when spoken to Cries differently for different needs |
Begins to babble or imitate sounds
Laughs |
Responds to hearing their name
May add consonant sounds to vowels May communicate with gestures |
Points
Knows what “no” means Imitates sounds and gestures |
Knows how to say several words
Says “no” Waves bye-bye |
| Movement/Physical | Turns toward sounds
Follows objects with eyes Grasps objects Gradually lifts head for longer periods |
Sees things and reaches for them
Pushes up with arms when on tummy Might be able to roll over |
Starts sitting up without support
May bounce when held in standing position Rolls in both directions |
Pulls up into standing position | Walks holding onto surfaces
Stands alone May climb a step or two May drink from a cup |
During the toddler years, children continue to need lots of sleep, good nutrition, and close, loving relationships with parents and caregivers.Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
Doctors at Seattle Children’s Hospital offer this advice for creating a safe, nurturing space to maximize your child’s early growth and development:
- Create predictable routines and rituals to keep your child feeling secure and grounded.
- Toddler-proof your home and yard so kids can explore safely.
- Use gentle discipline to guide and teach children. Avoid hitting, which can cause long-term physical and emotional harm.
- Sing, talk, and read to your toddler to boost their vocabularies.
- Watch your child for cues about the warmth and reliability of all caregivers.
- Take good care of yourself physically and emotionally, because your child needs you to be healthy.Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
Development table: 18 months to 2 years
| 18 months | 24 months | |
| Cognitive | May identify familiar things in picture books
Knows what common objects do Scribbles Follows single-step requests like “Please stand up” |
Builds towers from blocks
May follow simple two-part instructions Groups like shapes and colors together Plays pretend games |
| Social and emotional | May help with tasks like putting away toys
Is proud of what they’ve accomplished Recognizes self in mirror; may make faces May explore surroundings if parent stays close by |
Enjoys play dates
Plays beside other children; may start playing with them May defy directions like “sit down” or “come back here” |
| Language | Knows several words
Follows simple directions Likes hearing short stories or songs |
May ask simple questions
Can name many things Uses simple two-word phrases like “more milk” Says the names of familiar people |
| Movement /Physical |
Can help in getting dressed
Begins to run Drinks well from a cup Eats with a spoon Can walk while pulling a toy Dances Gets seated in a chair |
Runs
Jumps up and down Stands on tip-toes Can draw lines and round shapes Throws balls May climb stairs using rails to hold on |
During these pre-school years, children grow more and more independent and capable. Their natural curiosity is likely to be stimulated because their world is expanding: new friends, new experiences, new environments like daycare or kindergarten.Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
During this time of growth, the CDCTrusted Source recommends that you:
- Keep reading to your child daily.
- Show them how to do simple chores at home.
- Be clear and consistent with your expectations, explaining what behaviors you want from your child.
- Speak to your child in age-appropriate language.
- Help your child problem solve when emotions are running high.
- Supervise your child in outdoor play spaces, especially around water and play equipment.
- Allow your child to have choices about how to interact with family members and strangers.
Development table: 3 to 5 years
| 3 years | 4 years | 5 years | |
| Cognitive | Can put together a 3-4 part puzzle
Can use toys that have moving parts like buttons and levers Can turn door knobs Can turn book pages |
May be able to count
Can draw stick figures May be able to predict what will happen in a story May play simple board games Can name a few colors, numbers, and capital letters |
Draws more complex “people”
Counts up to 10 things Can copy letters, numbers, and simple shapes Understands the order of simple processes Can say name and address Names many colors |
| Social and emotional | Shows empathy for hurt or crying children
Offers affection Understands “mine” and “yours” May get upset if routines are changed Can get dressed Knows how to take turns |
May play games that have roles like “parent” and “baby”
Plays with, not just beside, other kids Talks about their likes and dislikes Pretends; may have trouble knowing what’s real and what’s pretend |
Is aware of gender
Likes to play with friends Sings, dances, and may play acting games Switches between being compliant and being defiant Can tell the difference between made-up and real |
| Language | Talks using 2-3 sentences at a time
Has the words to name many things used daily Can be understood by family Understands terms like “in,” “on,” and “under” |
Can talk about what happens in daycare or at school
Speaks in sentences May recognize or say rhymes Can say first and last name |
May tell stories that stay on track
Recites nursery rhymes or sings songs May be able to name letters and numbers Can answer simple questions about stories |
| Movement/Physical | Can walk up and down steps with one foot on each stair
Runs and jumps with ease Catches a ball Can slide down a slide |
Can hammer a peg into a hole
Walks backwards Climbs stairs confidently Can hop Pours liquids with some help |
May be able to somersault
Uses scissors Hops or stands on one foot for about 10 seconds Can swing on swingset Goes to the bathroom in the toilet |
During the school years, children gain independence and competence quickly. Friends become more important and influential. A child’s self-confidence will be affected by the academic and social challenges presented in the school environment.
As kids mature, the parenting challenge is to find a balance between keeping them safe, enforcing rules, maintaining family connections, allowing them to make some decisions, and encouraging them to accept increasing responsibility.
Despite their rapid growth and development, they still need parents and caregivers to set limits and encourage healthy habits.Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
Here are some things you can do to ensure that your child continues to be healthy:
- Make sure they get enough sleep.
- Provide opportunities for regular exercise and individual or team sports.
- Create quiet, positive spaces for reading and studying at home.
- Limit screen time and monitor online activities carefully.
- Build and maintain positive family traditions.
- Talk to your children about consent and setting boundaries with their bodies.Development Timeline for Children Up To Five Years.
